Freedom of speech Essay

Freedom of speech and the liberty to uphold anes expression has want been the subject of some(prenominal) debates. It has taken centuries if not years for mankind to come to a point where many can easily voice their opinions with turn out having to ponder everywhere the consequences. But one should always know where to stimulate the line. Freedom of expression also needs to have its limits. Two of the masterminds who put forth their work on liberty and freedom of speech were John Stuart hoagy and Jean-Jacque Rousseau. The c one clock timepts penned by Rousseau contradict those that were constructed by Mil man the cooker focused on the functioning of the confederacy as a whole, the latter advocated the right ons of the undivided to his freedom. lallygag basic whollyy line of business in his piece On Liberty supplys for Utilitarian approach. His main creative thinker was to deliver family and human nature a complete independence to mature and expand in infinite ways a nd direction. The main idea revolved around the kind of power that can be lay upon the individual by the society, and how that power was wrong unless exercised in self-defense. In particular, minorities were often the ones being oppressed. Mill pointed out that this tyrannical behavior was being supported by the major thinkers of that day. Public opinion espouseed the opinion of these thinkers and then ended up doing the same. On Liberty sought to diminish the power the society had over an individuals freedom by giving that individual the freedom of speech. It was identified through the works that most(prenominal) people had precedent and preference which further provoked dissent and thus pressurized people. Mill also observe that there was no way of judging people on their interference into an early(a) soulfulnesss private affairs.Mills idea of complete and total independence from society is contradicted in Rousseaus works The tender Contract, according to which man was rest ricted by the state and society that he existed in, once he became a part of the land he gave up the right to himself society had a right upon the individual which he agrees to when he chooses to exist within a given society. This, he believed, was done for the great good of the entire society thereby his main focus was the society and not the individual, unlike Mill. For Rousseau, society itself was like a collective individual and that collective entity was sovereign and not a singular entity. Heallowed for individuals having their own aims and goals, but asseverate that the will of the collective paved way for the greater good. By this translation he gives the society the power to act for the greater good and confirms that originatority as absolute. He until now goes as far as to recommend the death penalty for anyone who goes against this norm.Their ideas give us two diametric facets of life. Should one speak ones mind or work for the greater good of the society?Mill belie ved in supporting diversity plot of land condemning conformity by rejecting any form of manipulation that could be applied to a persons opinion or behavior. It was the revolutionary authors belief that liberty forms the basis of much of the social progress that takes place. Through On Liberty, it is asserted that freedom of speech is important primarily because to begin with, the opinion which most find disdainful peradventure the correct one. Secondly, even if one voices a direly disproportionate view, refuting it will only help strengthen the oecumenical understanding of the topic amongst the masses.It was Mills belief that by continuously voicing thoughts, ideas and questions people unploughed society moving and defied stagnation. The Social Contract, on the other hand goes onto state that the authority the ruler has over the state is like that of the father over his child. There is literally absolute control. Through Rousseaus argument we are told that the mighty are the fit test to lead and decide what is best for the entire society. The wellbeing of the society depends on it functioning as one body, mind and soul. Each individual is part of the grand scheme which is construct around the orders of the sovereign i.e. the rulers of the state.Mill charted troika categories of freedom and asserted that the society was to abide by all three, if it were a free society. The first was freedom of thought and opinion, the second being the right to plan ones life and future and the third to associate with other individuals on mutual grounds. The main idea behind this was that one should be able to pursue their own whims without hurting others in the process. Rousseau also has three implications of the contract.The first one being the fact that the conditions of the contract are same for everyone which is why everyone will collectively make it easier for everyone else to follow, secondly an individual cannot stand against the authority because he has given up t hatright because he is a part of the state, and lastly, there is completely equality ergo the natural freedom that people bask stays intact, regardless of the social contract. It was in the deal of Inequality that Rousseau observed of inequality that the powerful has the option between giving the masses an equal piece of the pie or letting the masses rot while they took everything for themselves. He was not an advocate of the powerful he merely illustrated how the meek must always follow them because they have no other choice.The problem with Rousseaus approach is that it completely rejects the claim that minorities or slight groups may have on the society. If the masses chose to, they can quite literally annihilate any olive-sized sects that they wish without as much as a blink of an eye. In this regard, we are forced to office with Mills argument. However, On Liberty has its own faults because it focuses too much on the individuals needs without paying much heed to the socie ty. Mill believed that the only instance where any one person or the society itself was justified in interfering with someones freedom was for their own self-preservation. In this way Mills only restriction on liberty was when it ended up harming other people, for which he advocated restraint. He was against the idea that meddling in someones affair. Diversity was not something to be toyed with, but the right to liberty was to be treated with respect.One has to also note that much of Mills work is at times vague on the limitations that can be placed on an individual. Another weak point is his constitutional emphasis on the individual and not creating a ratio between the individual and the society. While the individual was required to support the society he/she lived in, that by no means gave society any right to probe into their matters. As stated in the Discourse of Inequality, The remnant between good and bad men is determined by public esteem The rank of citizens ought, theref ore, to be regulated, not according to their personal merit for this would put it in the power of the magistrate to apply the law almost arbitrarily, this shows that he believed that individuality would only hinder the laws that had been catered to the society as a whole. If each person was to be accounted for then the whole as Rousseau saw it, would come to a halt.Both authors present two extreme ways of life. while one advocates complete and total freedom, albeit not at the expense of others, the other goes on to suggest that freedom is restricted only is what the choices someone more powerful has selected for the majority. For freedom of speech both arguments do not fit. There needs to be a balance between the two. One cannot allow complete and total freedom of speech because inadvertently, whether it was intended or not, an individual may end up harming the society he/she lives in. If everyone began to voice a million different point of views at the same time there wouldnt be diversity, there would be chaos.Similarly, if the entire society was to follow the whims of a hardly a(prenominal) men and women then society will not be able to move on. New ideas would neer develop people would never gain knowledge because knowledge would itself become restricted. Someone needs to confirmation talking to allow for the silence that precedes anothers idea. History shows us that without speaking ones mind, no real revolutions would have taken place, that being said, history also shows us how massive little terror can sweep nations because of the freedom of speech that was given to the people. A balance between the two is needed. Social responsibility needs to be practiced with the freedom of speech the two should be taken as a packaged deal and not separately.Works CitedRousseaus Social ContractRousseaus Discourse on InequalityMills On Liberty